![]() Many labor feminists also opposed the ERA on the basis that it would eliminate protections for women in labor law, though over time more and more unions and labor feminist leaders turned toward supporting it.įive state legislatures (Idaho, Kentucky, Nebraska, Tennessee, and South Dakota) voted to revoke their ERA ratifications. These women argued that the ERA would disadvantage housewives, cause women to be drafted into the military and to lose protections such as alimony, and eliminate the tendency for mothers to obtain custody over their children in divorce cases. With wide, bipartisan support (including that of both major political parties, both houses of Congress, and presidents Richard Nixon, Gerald Ford, and Jimmy Carter) the ERA seemed destined for ratification until Phyllis Schlafly mobilized conservative women in opposition. Through 1977, the amendment received 35 of the necessary 38 state ratifications. Constitution.Ĭongress had originally set a ratification deadline of March 22, 1979, for the state legislatures to consider the ERA. Senate on March 22, 1972, thus submitting the ERA to the state legislatures for ratification, as provided by Article V of the U.S. ![]() House of Representatives on October 12, 1971, and by the U.S. With the rise of the women's movement in the United States during the 1960s, the ERA garnered increasing support, and, after being reintroduced by Representative Martha Griffiths in 1971, it was approved by the U.S. In the early history of the Equal Rights Amendment, middle-class women were largely supportive, while those speaking for the working class were often opposed, pointing out that employed women needed special protections regarding working conditions and employment hours. The first version of an ERA was written by Alice Paul and Crystal Eastman and introduced in Congress in December 1923. Proponents assert it would end legal distinctions between men and women in matters of divorce, property, employment, and other matters. Resolved by the Senate and House of Representatives of the United States of America in Congress assembled, That notwithstanding any time limit contained in House Joint Resolution 208, 92d Congress, as agreed to in the Senate on March 22, 1972, the article of amendment proposed to the States in that joint resolution is valid to all intents and purposes as part of the United States Constitution having been ratified by the legislatures of three-fourths of the several States.The Equal Rights Amendment ( ERA) is a proposed amendment to the United States Constitution designed to guarantee equal legal rights for all American citizens regardless of sex. Resolution Text HJ Res 25 : Removing the deadline for the ratification of the equal rights amendment. ![]() Urge Congress to act to show there is no deadline on equality! Reach out to congress members, and ask them to sign on as co-sponsors to HJ Res 25. ![]() 100 years after it was first introduced, and despite meeting all constitutional requirements necessary to become the 28th amendment, including ratification by 38 states, the ERA has yet to be added to the United States Constitution. When Congress passed the Equal Rights Amendment (ERA) in 1972, they attached an arbitrary deadline to it, which is not required by the Constitution. Join our campaign to enshrine the Equal Rights Amendment in the constitution by calling on members of the House of Representatives to vote in favor of HJ Res 25 to recognize the equal rights amendment officially as the 28th Amendment.
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